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Connecting the Internal Cables

Connecting the PC Case Front Panel

With all the hardware installed correctly, follow these steps to connect the internal cabling.

 

You will have noticed during the previous work, that the PC Case itself has some cables. These are for the Front Panel Display. These are usually labelled as the following;

  • SPK - Speaker - Small speaker mounted in the PC Case
  • PWR SW - Power switch - System power on/off
  • RST SW - Reset switch - Reset system
  • PWR LED - Power LED - Light shows when system is on (usually green)
  • HDD LED - HDD LED - Light shows when system is accessing HDD (usually red)
  • SLP LED - Sleep LED - Light shows when system is suspended (in 'sleep' mode)

Basically, these connectors slide onto a set of grouped pins on the Motherboard. Owing to the many variations of Motherboard, it will be necessary to refer to your Motherboard manual for the connection method of these cables.

Connecting the Internal Cables

Connecting the Floppy Disk Drive

Use this cable to connect the Floppy Disk Drive to the Motherboard. There should be a 'twist' in the cable next to one of the connectors. This indicates that this connector is for the first floppy drive in the system (Drive A:) Since we only have one Floppy Drive, this is it. Also, the Pink coloured wire in the 'ribbon' indicates Pin 1.

On the back of our installed Floppy Drive (use a flashlight/torch if necessary) we can see a set of 34 pins onto which this cable will fit. However, to ensure that it is correctly fitted, we must locate pin 1 (the pink line), and fit the cable such that the pink line is on the left hand side as we look directly at the back of the floppy drive.

Once this connection is made, locate a similar socket on the motherboard (black, 34-pin socket) and connect the other end of the Floppy Drive cable to this socket. The Motherboard-end connection will be easier to make as it is usually 'keyed' to ensure correct connection.

Connecting the Internal Cables

Connecting a CD/DVD Drive

Almost exactly the same procedure is used here to connect the CD-ROM. Take the wider, '40way Ribbon' cable and connect one end (either will do - no twist this time) to the 40 pin connector on your CD-ROM. Note this time that the pink line must be next to where the CD-ROM Power connector is located. The Power connector on the CD-ROM is a deep white socket with 4 big pins inside.

Once the connection to the CD-ROM is made, locate the specific connector on the Motherboard for Secondary IDE. Your Motherboard manual will help you find this. In this case, the CD-ROM must be connected to the Secondary IDE socket. Again, the connector will be 'keyed' for correct alignment.

Finally, if you have a sound adapter in your system, don't forget to connect the CD-audio cable. Don't worry if you don't have one, your local PC hardware store should have plenty. Simply connect one end of the cable to the back of the CD-ROM, next to the IDE cable, then connect the other end to your soundcards 'CD-IN' connector. If your Motherboard has on-board audio, the 'CD-IN' connector will be located on the Motherboard somewhere. Check the Motherboard manual for its location.

Connecting the Internal Cables

Connecting a Hard Disk Drive

IDE Hard Disk Drives

If your Hard Drive is what is known as 'ATA33' type, then it is connected in exactly the same way as the CD-ROM.

If, however, you have an 'ATA66/100' type, then the connection procedure is still the same, but the ribbon cable must be a special '80way' kind. '80way ATA66/100' cables look similar to their 'ATA33' counterparts, but have 80 wires instead of 40. They often have colour-coded connectors as follows;

  • Blue connector - to Motherboard
  • Grey connector - to 'Slave' Device
  • Black connector - to 'Master' Device

Note that connector colours may vary depending on manufacturer.

In both cases, it is important to note that the Hard Drive IDE cable must be connected to the Primary IDE connector on the Motherboard if it is to be the main/only HDD in the PC.

S-ATA Hard Disk Drives

Alternatively, if your Hard Drive is a S-ATA type, then the connections will be quite different. S-ATA uses a much thinner ribbon cable. New S-ATA compatible motherboards will usually have some S-ATA ribbon cables supplied in the box, ready for use.

Use one of these to connect each S-ATA Hard Drive to the motherboard connector as instructed by the motherboard manual.

Connecting the Internal Cables

Connecting the Device Power Cables

These will supply each device in the PC with its power requirements.

Ensure that your PSUs connection to the mains socket is switched off at the wall, and gather up the collection of power cables from the PSU.

Each device will have its own power connector which will receive a cable from the PSU. The HDD and CD-ROM will generally use a large connector each and the FDD will usually use a small connector.

If you have any other devices which require power, remember to connect these also.

S-ATA Hard Drives

If you have any S-ATA Hard Drives in your PC, the you'll need to connect power to these also. The S-ATA standard uses a special power connector (pictured right). Newer PSUs may already have the special S-ATA power connectors, but older units will not.

Some S-ATA Hard drives allow you to use either a standard large PC connector or special S-ATA connector (but not both at the same time.) If your S-ATA Hard Drive only accepts the special power connector and your PSU doesn't have one, then you can use an IDE to S-ATA power adapter (pictured left.)

Connecting the Internal Cables

Connecting the Main Power Cable

Once everything else is connected up, we can go ahead and make the final connection - providing power directly to the Motherboard itself.

Ensure that your PSU is disconnected from the mains wall socket, and locate the main power connector cable from the PSU.

AT Power connectors

The older of the two, this 'double' connector is found on AT-type power supplies

In the case of the AT-type connector, make sure that the four black wires go side-by-side in the centre of the two connectors as they are fitted to the socket.

ATX Power connectors

Newer type of power connector found on ATX power supplies

The ATX-style connector is 'keyed' and should 'clip' into place when correctly seated.

Congratulations!
If you have successfully completed the steps so far, you have built your own PC! All that remains is to connect it up and test it...

Connecting the External Cables

Connecting the Monitor and Speakers

Having completed your new PC, take some time to go back over your work in the previous steps, and check that all your connections are correctly aligned and secure, and that your CPU, RAM and cards are all secure in their fixings. A thorough check here can save a lot of frustration later on.

Proceed now by connecting the remaining devices, such that you can power up and test the new machine. Position the PC case such that you have clear access the sockets/connectors at the back.

Monitor signal cable

Take the Monitor display cable, and connect it to the suitable connector on the Video Card backplate. Use the cable screws if necessary to fully secure the cable. Do not worry about other connectors on the Video card at this stage.

Speakers (if you have them)

Connect this to the 'SPK' socket. It can be found either on your sound card, or if your Motherboard has a sound card built-in, refer to its manual for the correct method of connection.

 

 



 

 

 

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